Aix 6.1下安装Oracle11g详细文档
1、系统准备
1.1 操作系统版本需求
AIX 5L V5.3 TL 09 SP1 ("5300-09-01"), 64 bit kernel
AIX 6.1 TL 02 SP1 ("6100-02-01), 64-bit kernel
oslevel -s
6100-05-01-1016
1.2 内存需求: (At least 4 GB ofRAM)
/usr/sbin/lsattr -E -l sys0 -a realmem
realmem 32505856 Amount of usable physical memory in Kbytes False
1.3 Swap空间需求:
Between 4 GB and 8 GB 2 times the size of RAM
Between 8 GB and 32 GB 1.5 times the size of RAM
More than 32 GB 32 GB
/usr/sbin/lsps -a
Page Space Physical Volume Volume GroupSize %Used Active Auto Type Chksum
hd6 hdisk0 rootvg 32768MB 1 yes yes lv 0
1.4 确认64位操作系统:
/usr/bin/getconf HARDWARE_BITMODE
64
bootinfo -K
64
1.5 软件需求
bos.adt.base
bos.adt.lib
bos.adt.libm
bos.perf.libperfstat 6.1.2.1 or later
bos.perf.perfstat
bos.perf.proctools
xlC.aix61.rte:10.1.0.0 or later
gpfs.base 3.2.1.8 or later
可选:
gpfs.base (3.2.1.8 or later)(GPFS is required only if you want to use a clusterfile system for Oracle clusterware or database files.)
lslpp -l bos.adt.base bos.adt.libbos.adt.libm bos.perf.perfstat
bos.perf.libperfstat bos.perf.proctools xlC.aix61.rte
Fileset Level State Description
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Path: /usr/lib/objrepos
bos.adt.base 6.1.5.0 COMMITTED Base Application Development
Toolkit
bos.adt.lib 6.1.2.0 COMMITTED Base Application Development
Libraries
bos.adt.libm 6.1.5.0 COMMITTED Base Application Development
Math Library
bos.perf.libperfstat 6.1.5.0 COMMITTED Performance Statistics Library
Interface
bos.perf.perfstat 6.1.5.0 COMMITTED Performance Statistics
Interface
bos.perf.proctools 6.1.5.0 COMMITTED Proc Filesystem Tools
xlC.aix61.rte 10.1.0.3 COMMITTED XL C/C++ Runtime for AIX 6.1
Path: /etc/objrepos
bos.adt.base 6.1.5.0 COMMITTED Base Application Development
Toolkit
bos.perf.libperfstat 6.1.5.0 COMMITTED Performance Statistics Library
Interface
bos.perf.perfstat 6.1.5.0 COMMITTED Performance Statistics
Interface
1.6 系统补丁需求
These 6.1 fixes are already present in the following TL levels:
AIX 6.1 TL-02 SP-04 and later
AIX 6.1 TL-03 SP-02 and later
AIX 6.1 TL-04
1.7 应用用户准备, 2组1用户(group:oinstall,dba; user:oracle)
规划:
用户和组id和组id从401开始，用户名oracle，组名oinstall,dba
用户limit参数配置:
Shell Limit (As Shown in smit) Recommended Value
--------------------------------------------------
Soft FILE size -1 (Unlimited)
Soft CPU time -1 (Unlimited)
Note: This is the default value.
Soft DATA segment -1 (Unlimited)
Soft STACK size -1 (Unlimited)
Soft Real Memory size -1 (Unlimited)
Processes (per user) -1 (Unlimited)
测试oinstall组是否存在，不存在则创建:
more /etc/oraInst.loc
grep oinstall /etc/group
mkgroup -'A' id='401' oinstall
测试dba组是否存在，不存在则创建
grep dba /etc/group
mkgroup -'A' id='402' dba
测试oracle用户是否存在，不存在则创建，primary group:oinstall
id oracle
useradd -d /home/oracle -m -u 401 -g oinstall -G dba oracle
passwd oracle
配置oracle用户limit
smitty user
1.8 系统参数配置:
1.8.1 配置进程数
Parameter Recommended Value
---------------------------------
maxuprocs 16384
ncargs 128
Maximum number of PROCESSES allowed per user [16384]
ARG/ENV list size in 4K byte blocks [256]
smitty chgsys
1.8.2 配置允许打开文件数
vi /etc/security/limits
default:
nofiles = 8000
1.8.3 配置aio(On AIX 6, theAIO device drivers are enabled by default)
确认aio_maxreqs = 65536
ioo -o aio_maxreqs
aio_maxreqs = 65536
命令ioo -o用来:displays the valueor sets Tunable to NewValue
Adjust the initial value of maxservers to 10 times the number of disks that areto be used concurrently but no more than 80.
To monitor the number of AIO serverprocesses that have started, enter the following
ps -ek | grep -v grep | grep -v posix_aioserver | grep -c aioserver
1.8.4 the kernel TCP/IP ephemeral portrange parameters are set to 9000-65500
/usr/sbin/no -a | fgrep ephemeral
tcp_ephemeral_low = 32768
tcp_ephemeral_high = 65535
udp_ephemeral_low = 32768
udp_ephemeral_high = 65535
no -p -o tcp_ephemeral_low=9000
no -p -o tcp_ephemeral_high=65500
no -p -o udp_ephemeral_low=9000
no -p -o udp_ephemeral_high=65500
1.9 文件系统准备
At least 1 GB of space in the /tmp directory
At least 7.44 GB space for data files software files
At least 1.55 GB space for data files data files
1.9.1 扩展/tmp文件系统4G以上
1.9.2 创建/oradb文件系统30G(先创建lv，手动指定lv的名字)
1.9.3 创建/oradata文件系统500G(先创建lv，手动指定lv的名字)
1.9.4 修改/oradb和/oradata的用户属组和属主
chown oracle:oinstall /oradb
chown oracle:dba /oradata
1.10 oracle环境变量准备
ORACLE_BASE=/oradb/app/oracle
ORACLE_SID=qasdb01
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_SID
确认ORACLE_HOME和TNS_ADMIN环境变量没有配置
unset ORACLE_HOME
unset TNS_ADMIN
1.11 Oracle软件准备
/sapdataremote/ora11gr2/p10098816_112020
2、图形方式安装Oracle软件
2.1 Running the rootpre.sh Script
su -
cd /sapdataremote/ora11gr2/p10098816_112020/1/database
./rootpre.sh
2.2 Installing Oracle Database
su - oracle
cd /sapdataremote/ora11gr2/p10098816_112020/1/database
./runInstaller
Has 'rootpre.sh' been run by root? [y/n] (n)
y
Configure security Updates: Provide your email address
(Remain empty)
Download Software Updates
Skip software updates
Installation Option
Install database software only
Grid Installation Options
Single instance database installation
Product Languages
English
Simplified Chinese
Database Edition
Enterprise Edition
Installation Location
Oracle Base: /oradb/app/oracle
Software Location: /oradb/app/oracle/g11
Create Inventory
Inventory Directory: /oradb/app/oraInventory
oraInventory Group Name: oinstall
Operating System Group
Database Administrator Group: dba
Database Operator Group: dba
Prerequisite Checks
如果有check Failed:
点击Fix & CheckAgain，会在/tmp目录下产生一个runfixup.sh，用root执行runfixup.sh，执行完毕，点击OK
Install Product
安装最后，使用root执行脚本:
/oradb/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/oradb/app/oracle/g11/root.sh
设置: ORACLE_HOME=/oradb/app/oracle/g11
3、创建数据库
3.1 修改环境变量
PATH=$PATH:/oradb/app/oracle/g11/bin:/oradb/app/oracle/g11/OPatch:/oradb/app/oracle/g11/jdk/jre/bin:/oradb/app/oracle/g11/owb/bin:/oradb/app/oracle/g11/owb/bin/unix
ORACLE_BASE=/oradb/app/oracle
ORACLE_SID=qasdb01
NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
ORACLE_HOME=/oradb/app/oracle/g11
LIBPATH=:/oradb/app/oracle/g11/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=:/oradb/app/oracle/g11/lib
export PATH ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_SIDNLS_LANG ORACLE_HOME LIBPATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH
3.2 创建数据库，图形方式运行dbca
dbca
Step 2 - Database Templates
Custom Database(select)
Step 3 - Database Identification
Global Database Name:qasdb01;
SID: qasdb01
Step 4 - Management Options
Configure Enterprise Manager(no select)
Automatic Maintenance Tasks: Enable automatic maintenance tasks(select)
Step 5 - Database Credentials
Use the Same Administrative Password for All Accounts: xxxxxxxx
Step 6 - Database File Locations
Storage Type: File System
Use Common Location for All Database Files: /oradata
Step 7 - Recovery Configuration
Specify Fast Recovery Area(select)
Fast Recovery Area: /oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/fast_recovery_area
Fast Recovery Area Size: 4977M
Enable Archiving(select)
Automatic Archiving(select)
archive Log File Format: %t_%s_%r.dbf
Archive Log Destinations: /oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/archivelog
Step 8 - Database Content
Oracle Text(select)
Oracle OLAP(select)
Oracle Spatial(select)
Enterprise Manager Repository(select)
Oracle Warehouse Builder(select)
Step 9 - Initialization Parameters
Memory: Custom
SGA Size: 10240M
PGA Size: 5120M
Sizing
Block Size: 8192Byte
Processes: 2000
Character Sets
Database Character Set: AL32UTF8
National Character Set: UTF8
Connection Mode
Dedicated Server Mode(select)
All Initialization Parameters
audit_file_dest: /oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/dump/adump
control_file: ("/oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/control01.ctl","/oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/control02.ctl")
core_dump_dest: /oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/dump/cdump
db_files: 500
diagnostic_dest: /oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/dump
open_cursors: 3000
open_links: 20
open_links_per_instance: 20
Step 10 - Database Storage
Controlfile
control01.ctl: /oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/
control02.ctl: /oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/
Step 11 - Creation Options
Create Database(select)
Save as a Database Template(select)
Name: qasdb01
Generate Database Creation Scripts
Directory: /oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/scripts
Database Components:
Memory: Custom
SGA Size: 10240M
PGA Size: 5120M
Sizing
Block Size: 8192Byte
Processes: 2000
Character Sets
Database Character Set: AL32UTF8
National Character Set: UTF8
Connection Mode: Dedicated Server Mode
All Initialization Parameters
audit_file_dest: /oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/dump/adump
control_file: ("/oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/control01.ctl","/oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/control02.ctl")
core_dump_dest: /oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/dump/cdump
db_files: 500
open_links:20
open_links_per_instance: 20
diagnostic_dest: /oradata/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/dump
Redo Log Groups
Log File Size: 500M
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